Welcome to Oxford Online English!
In this lesson, you can learn how to talk about food.
You’ll see how to talk about different cuisines, talk about food you like – or dislike – and
talk about cooking and eating habits.
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What kind of food do you like?
I like a bit of everything, really.
I grew up in the UK, and you can get food from all over the world there.
My mum’s cooking is a combination of different cuisines: a bit of French, a bit of Italian,
I know about fish and chips, but there must be more…
There are a few famous dishes like shepherd’s pie or Sunday roast, but most people eat a
I’m half Spanish, so when I was young we ate a lot of Mediterranean food at home.
Now, I live in Berlin, and it’s a pretty cosmopolitan place, so you can get all kinds
of food, like the UK, I suppose.
I’ve never really had much Spanish food.
They both use a lot of fresh ingredients, and there’s a lot of seafood, salads, and
Pasta isn’t so common in Spanish cooking, though.
What are some typical Spanish dishes?
I’d be interested to try some.
I guess paella is quite well-known.
My personal favourite is a dish called albondigas, which is meatballs in a tomato sauce.
Here’s a question: do you know the difference between the words ‘cuisine’, ‘dish’
‘Cuisine’ means the kind of food you find in a specific country or culture.
For example, you have Chinese cuisine, French cuisine, local cuisine, and so on.
‘Cuisine’ means something like ‘cooking style’.
You can use the word ‘food’ or ‘cooking’ in the same way.
So, you can say ‘Chinese cuisine’, ‘Chinese cooking’ or ‘Chinese food’.
A ‘dish’ means something which is cooked or prepared.
Usually, a dish is made from different kinds of food.
A ‘meal’ is food eaten at a specific time.
Most people eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner.
We often hear English learners make mistakes with these three words, so be careful with
them!
In the dialogue, you heard how to talk about different cuisines and dishes which you like.
Look at some questions you heard.
Think about how you could answer these.
When you answer these questions, try to be detailed.
For example, don’t just say ‘Vietnamese food is delicious.’
Say what kind of dishes are the best, or try to explain why you like it.
For example, you could say ‘Vietnamese food is delicious, because it uses fresh ingredients
and it’s a little bit spicy, which I like.’
OK?
Pause the video and try to answer the questions now.
If not, go back and listen to the dialogue again.
Next, let’s look at how to talk about food you like – or don’t!
First, you haven’t cooked the meat long enough.
You need to keep cooking it until it’s tender.
I cooked it for two hours, just like you said!
Yes, but you also have to check that it’s done!
Also, these vegetables are awful.
They’re mushy because you’ve overcooked them.
They should be fresh and crunchy.
It’s not bad, but it’s a little bland.
A dish like this should be rich, spicy and a little sour.
While you’re cooking, don’t forget to taste it, and add more spices, or more vinegar,
Hmm…
OK…
I’m a little scared to show you my dessert, now.
Oh?
Yes!
It’s crumbly, but not dry, which is a difficult balance to get right.
The fruit gives it a nice, tangy flavour.
To describe something you ate, you could start with the flavour.
For example, you can use words like ‘spicy’, ‘sour’, ‘sweet’, ‘bitter’, or
‘rich’.
‘Rich’ can be used to describe heavier foods.
You also heard ‘bland’ in the dialogue.
‘Bland’ describes something which has little or no flavour.
Then, you could also describe the texture.
In the dialogue, you heard the word ‘mushy’.
‘Mushy’ means that something is soft, but in an unpleasant way.
If you cook vegetables too long, they’ll get mushy.
In the dialogue, you also heard ‘tough’, ‘chewy’, ‘tender’, ‘crunchy’ and
‘crumbly’.
Can you think of foods which these words could describe?
‘Tough’ and ‘chewy’ are similar.
Both describe foods which are difficult to eat because you have to chew them for a long
time.
Meat can be tough or chewy, especially if it’s cooked too long and it gets dry.
‘Tender’ means something like ‘soft’, but it’s mostly used to describe meat which
is cooked well, so it’s soft and juicy.
Crunchy foods make a lot of noise when you’re eating them.
Dry food – like potato chips, or hard cookies – can be crunchy.
Crumbly food is soft and easily breaks into pieces.
‘Crumbly’ can be good or bad – for a cake, it might be a good thing, but crumbly
bread might be a bad thing, because it will fall apart when you try to do anything with
it.
If you like the taste of something, you can use general adjectives like ‘great’, ‘amazing’
You can also use ‘tasty’ or ‘delicious’.
Be careful: ‘delicious’ is a strong adjective.
That means you can’t say ‘very delicious’; if you want to add emphasis, say ‘really
delicious’ or ‘absolutely delicious’.
To talk about food you don’t like, use general adjectives like ‘awful’, ‘terrible’
or ‘disgusting’.
Now, a challenge for you: think about the last thing you ate.
Talk about the flavour, the texture, and whether you liked it or not.
For a bonus, try to explain why you did or didn’t like it!
For example: ‘The last thing I ate was a lentil soup.
It was quite spicy, but a little bit mushy, because I overcooked the lentils.
I didn’t like it so much, because it was a little bland.
Lentils don’t have much flavour.’
Pause the video and make your answer.
Next, let’s see how you can talk about cooking habits.
I cook maybe twice a week, but I’m too busy to do more than that.
What do you do the rest of the time?
For lunch, I eat in the canteen at work.
In the evening, I generally get something from the supermarket, or get a takeaway.
I don’t like it, because I know it’s more expensive and less healthy than cooking for
myself, but I just don’t have the time.
I don’t cook every day, though.
I normally do a lot of cooking on Sunday, and then I have food for the week.
I take a packed lunch to work, and then eat leftovers in the evening.
I wish I could be so organised…
It helps that I have a market very close to my house.
They have great fresh produce, fish, meat… everything you need.
That means I don’t need to spend much time shopping.
Plus, I prefer eating home-cooked, fresh food.
If I don’t have food with me, I end up eating greasy fast food, and then I feel bloated
Maybe I’ll start cooking more.
Think about the first question you heard in the dialogue: ‘Do you cook much?’
You could say something like: ‘I cook every day.’
‘I don’t cook much – maybe once or twice a week.’
If you don’t cook, what can you do for food?
You heard some phrases in the dialogue.
Look at some sentences that you heard.
Imagine you’re an English teacher, and you want to explain the meanings of the words
A canteen is a bit like a restaurant, but it’s run by a company for its staff, or
by a university for its students.
Canteens are usually cheap, or the food might even be free.
A takeaway means you buy or order the food from a restaurant, and then eat it somewhere
A packed lunch means you take food from home and eat it at work or school.
If you cook more than you can eat, the extra food is called ‘leftovers’.
You can eat the leftovers on another day.
If not, what do you do for food?
Pause the video now, and try to make a few sentences to describe your cooking and eating
Done?
First, we need to fry the aubergine and the potato.
While you do that, I’ll prepare the meat.
It’s easy: you sauté onion and garlic, then add the meat to brown it.
Then you add the tomatoes and simmer it for fifteen minutes or so until the sauce thickens.
Now we need to make the white sauce.
You know how to make white sauce?
I think so, though I’ve never tried it.
It’s butter, flour and milk, right?
Yes, but you need to be careful.
Add the milk very slowly, and stir the sauce continuously.
We just need to layer all the parts, sprinkle some grated cheese on top, and then bake it
Put the potatoes in the bottom, then the aubergine, then the meat.
Add another layer of aubergine on top, then pour in the white sauce.
It should be lightly brown on top.
Nice work – you made your first moussaka!
By the way, do you know what ‘moussaka’ is?
It’s easy to find recipes online if you want to try making it.
In the dialogue, you heard several different verbs related to food preparation.
Could you explain the difference in meaning between these words pairs?
Pause the video to think about it if you need time.
‘Sauté’ and ‘fry’ both mean to cook something in hot fat – usually hot oil.
‘Sauté’ means that you cook something at high temperature for a short time.
In everyday language, people mostly say ‘fry’, but if you’re reading a recipe or watching
cooking shows on TV, you might see ‘sauté’.
‘Boil’ and ‘simmer’ both mean to heat a liquid until it bubbles; ‘simmer’ suggests
you keep the heat as low as possible.
‘Boil’ means you use a higher heat.
‘Sprinkle’ means to spread a small amount of something over something else.
‘Sprinkle’ is mostly used for powders or things made of small particles, like salt,
herbs, grated cheese, and so on.
Think about a dish you know how to make.
Your job is to give detailed instructions for how to make it.
Imagine you’re teaching someone, and you want to describe every step of the process.
Before you do this, you can watch the dialogue again.
There are many more words and phrases you can use to help you.
Pause the video, and say your answer out loud.
Or, you can write your answer down and share your recipe with other students in the comments!